Play in Animals: Learning Through Fun
It’s in the air, spring break is just around the corner, bringing with it a whirlwind of activities and family fun!
When we think of play, we often picture children skating or running around a gymnasium… but the joy of play is far from being uniquely human. In many animals (from mammals to birds and even some fish) play is an integral part of development. And just like for us, it’s never “just to pass the time.”
Training in Disguise
In young animals, play acts like a real training ground. Running, chasing, wrestling, or manipulating objects helps develop coordination, muscle strength, and speed. These behaviors, often exaggerated and repetitive, may look pointless at first glance… but they actually prepare animals for real-life challenges: hunting, escaping danger, and interacting with others.
Certain types of play, especially social play, play a key role in learning social rules. By playing together, young animals learn to control their strength, read their partners’ signals, and manage conflict… much like children learning to share, lose, and negotiate on a playground. Personality traits often emerge clearly during these moments, even at a very young age.
Learning to Face the Unexpected
Play doesn’t just strengthen the body: it also stimulates the mind. Studies show that animals who play more, especially with peers, tend to be bolder, more curious, and more effective at dealing with new situations. In other words, play helps build confidence and adaptability.
This mirrors what we observe in humans: playful experiences foster creativity, mental flexibility, and resilience. Play becomes a safe way to “train for the unexpected,” without serious consequences if mistakes are made.
Play: A Luxury… Not Always Available
Interestingly, play tends to occur mainly when basic needs are met. In the wild, young animals play more when food is plentiful and their environment is safe. When energy must be devoted to survival, play becomes secondary.
The parallel with humans is striking. Children who have access to free time, safe spaces, and resources generally have more opportunities to play. Whether animal or human, play is closely tied to overall well-being.
An Indicator of Emotional Well-Being
Play can also tell us a great deal about an animal’s emotional state. In controlled environments, for example, a reduction or change in play behavior may signal discomfort, stress, or even pain. Conversely, an animal that plays spontaneously often shows signs of a positive emotional state.
But play is more than just an indicator: it’s also a tool. Providing opportunities for play can improve long-term well-being by strengthening an animal’s ability to cope with change and environmental challenges.
Playing… at Any Age
Although play is especially common in young animals, it doesn’t disappear entirely in adulthood. Some species continue to play throughout their lives, especially when conditions allow. It’s a reminder that no matter the age, play retains fundamental value.
As spring break approaches, it’s a perfect time to remember that play is not a waste of time: for children or for animals. In nature as in our own lives, play is an essential way to learn, adapt, and thrive.
